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Fig. 1. Mechanisms of TI. (A) Tandem and convergent orientation of genes that permit sense and antisense TI. (B) Transcription of the untranslated RNA through the promoter could prevent recruitment of Pol II (shown with an unphosphorylated C-terminal domain in red), general transcription factors (GTFs) or specific transcription factors (TF) to the target. The transcribing Pol II from the ncRNA promoter is show in green and with a phosphorylated C-terminal domain. (C) Transcription of ncRNA could prevent promoter clearance or elongation. (D) Transcription of ncRNA could cause premature termination, shown here as resulting from a collision between converging polymerases that dislodges the Pol II transcribing the target gene.