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Fig. 3. ZBP1-expressing cells can sense and move towards an oriented gradient. ZBP1-expressing cells are capable of responding normally to a gradient of EGF, but only when the gradient is applied in the direction of their intrinsic polarity. A chemoattractant, EGF, was released from a needle placed in front of the leading edge of the cell while protrusion and retraction were measured from both the front and back of the cell. Standardized membrane protrusion is plotted versus time after the micropipette stimulation. Responses of ZBP1-expressing cells are not substantially different from controls expressing only GFP (15 cells were measured for each group, error bars indicate ± s.e.m.).