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Fig. 4. Fate and dynamics of newly expressed HP1-GFP proteins in human and mouse cell lines. (A) Distribution of HP1-GFP proteins expressed in HeLa and C127 cells. Representative examples of the `diffuse' (D, white asterisks) and the `speckled' (SP, blue asterisks) phenotypes are shown. (B) Relative distribution of HP1-GFP and me3K9-histone H3 (as detected by a specific antibody) in the two cell types. Only merged images are shown (HP1-GFP: green, me3K9-H3: red). Arrows indicate sites where the two markers do not coincide. (C) Relative fluorescence intensity per unit of nuclear surface (I/A; in arbitrary units) in samples of transfected cells. Successive optical sections and `projections' from at least 15 cells were analyzed in each case. (D) Profiles of HeLa and C127 cells transfected with a chromodomain containing (CD-GFP) and a chromodomain-lacking (
CD-GFP) mutant of HP1
. Observe that CD-GFP assembles correctly in mouse cells, but remains diffuse in human cells. (E) Distribution of HP1-GFP proteins in the same cell lines used in (A) after S phase block with hydroxyurea. Note that HP1
/HP1
are diffuse in human cells, but continue to form large foci in mouse C127 cells. Also notice that the targeting of HP1
-GFP in the mouse system is not affected by S phase blocking. (F) FRAP data from transfected HeLa and C127 cells. Fluorescence recovery half-times (t1/2) are in seconds. rt1/2 is the ratio of the half-times in the two cell types; im. fr. is the immobile fraction. Bars, 5 µm.