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Fig. 6. TCF/LEF function in the immune system. Stages of B-cell and T-cell development are illustrated in bone marrow and thymus, respectively. Large rings represent cells and the smaller rings within them represent their nuclei. Wnt signalling is thought to regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis during lymphocyte development. TCF-1 and LEF-1 expression is indicated with the letter T or L, respectively, in the cell nuclei of cells. Note that TCF-1 and LEF-1 are both expressed during T-cell development. Red stars indicate defects in lymphocyte development reported in Lef-1 knockout mice; red lightening indicates defects in lymphocyte development observed in Tcf-1 knockdown mice; and the red stop sign indicates the complete block of T-cell development observed in Tcf1/Lef1 double mutant mice. Note that in T-cell development, TCF-1 functions to some extent redundantly with LEF-1, because the double mutant phenotype is more severe than the single Tcf-1 knockout phenotype, yet also non-redundantly, because the single Tcf-1 knockout phenotype is more severe than the Lef-1 knockout phenotype. Stages of B-cell development: HSC, haematopoietic stem cells; MLP, multi-lineage precursors; CLP, common lymphoid precursors; ePB, early pre-B-cells; pPB, proliferating pro-B cells; lPB, late pre-B-cells; iBC, immature B cells; mBC, mature B cells. Stages of T-cell development: DN1-DN3, double-negative thymocytes stages one to three; ISP, immature single positive thymocytes (or double-negative thymocytes at stage four); DP, double-positive thymocites; SP, single-positive thymocyctes (see Staal and Clevers, 2005). Figure modified from Staal and Clevers (Staal and Clevers, 2005).
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