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Fig. 9. Involvement of JNK in FFA-induced β-cell apoptosis. (A) INS-1E cells were co-transfected with the AP-1 reporter and the internal control pRL-CMV, encoding Renilla luciferase. After transfection and overnight recovery, the cells were exposed for 24 hours to control or palmitate (0.5 mM) at 11 mM glucose in the presence or absence of the JNK inhibitors SP600125 (25 µM, gray bars) or L-TAT-JNKi (1 µM, black bars), and assayed for firefly and Renilla luciferase activities. The results were normalized for Renilla luciferase activity and are means ± s.e.m. of four to seven independent experiments. (B) After 72 hours, the percentage of apoptotic cells was determined. n=8-14. *P<0.001 vs control; #P<0.01 vs similar condition without JNK inhibitor.
