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First published online July 23, 2008

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Thioredoxin takes on the axon

The regeneration of an axon after injury is enhanced by prior `conditioning' lesions, which are thought to stimulate the expression of regeneration-associated genes (RAGs). Conditioning lesions have typically been introduced in vivo, but David Tonge and colleagues (p. 2565) now show that Xenopus dorsal root ganglia with attached peripheral nerves (PN-DRG) can be `conditioned' in vitro by a 3-day incubation in serum-free medium. The authors demonstrate that BDNF treatment stimulates axonal outgrowth in conditioned PN-DRG, even in the presence of the transcriptional inhibitor actinomycin D (which inhibits outgrowth in freshly dissected PN-DRG); thus, de novo mRNA synthesis occurs during in vitro conditioning, as it does in vivo. Moreover, inhibiting protein synthesis specifically in the distal nerve impairs the conditioning response, and the authors identify 32 proteins, including the oxidoreductase thioredoxin (Trx), that are synthesised and undergo retrograde transport during conditioning. Notably, inhibitors of Trx and Trx-specific morpholino oligonucleotides inhibit the conditioning response. Trx might, therefore, promote axonal regeneration, perhaps by upregulating RAGs.

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Enhancement of axonal regeneration by in vitro conditioning and its inhibition by cyclopentenone prostaglandins

David Tonge, Kevin Chan, Ning Zhu, Aliza Panjwani, Mathew Arno, Steven Lynham, Malcolm Ward, Alison Snape, and John Pizzey
JCS 2008 121: 2565-2577. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in JCS Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Search for Related Content Social Bookmarking                         What's this?