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Fig. 4. Ca²⁺-CaM converts synaptic fluctuation into a depression pattern. The standard solution was filled in the tip of pipette, and additional 40/10 µM Ca²⁺-CaM was back-filled. (A) R1 and R2–R1 are plotted vs time. The infusion of Ca²⁺-CaM enhances R1 (green symbols) and converts R2-R1 from a fluctuation across dash line initially to below the line 40 minutes after the infusion (pink symbols). uEPSCs were sampled every 10 seconds. (B) Paired uEPSCs were sampled in initial 5 minutes (control) and 50 minutes after postsynaptic Ca²⁺/CaM infusion. Correlation between R2-R1 and R1 in this unitary synapse is plotted before (blue symbols/line) and after (red) Ca²⁺/CaM infusion. Dashes line differentiates synaptic facilitation (above) and depression (below). Ca²⁺/CaM converts synaptic fluctuation (blue) into depression (red below dash line). (C) Paired uEPSCs in this unitary synapse evoked by presynaptic spikes (dark-red trace) before (blue) and after (red) Ca²⁺/CaM infusion. Calibration bars are 20 ms/160 pA for uEPSCs and 35 mV for spikes. (D) Other examples (n=5) show Ca²⁺/CaM-induced conversion of the fluctuated pattern (dashed lines) into synaptic depression (solid lines of same color).

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