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First published online September 3, 2008

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Depressing news for cPLA2

Cerebellar long-term depression (LTD) – which has been implicated in motor learning – is a form of synaptic plasticity in which transmission through synapses is decreased. LTD is induced when AMPA receptors are continuously removed from the post-synaptic membrane of Purkinje cells – but what are the cellular signals that cause the internalisation and degradation of these receptors? Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), which produces arachidonic acid (AA), is thought to be important in LTD induction so, on page 3015, Tetsuya Hirabayashi and colleagues explore how this enzyme is activated in Purkinje cells. The authors show that cPLA2 translocates to the Golgi when AMPA receptors are stimulated, and that translocation is Ca²⁺-dependent. When LTD is chemically induced, they show, cPLA2 becomes phosphorylated and AA is released (the addition of pyrrophenone, a cPLA2-specific inhibitor, abolishes AA production). The amount of GluR2 (an AMPA-receptor subunit) at the cell surface decreases persistently after the chemical induction of LTD; again, this effect is sensitive to pyrrophenone. The authors conclude that cPLA2 regulates the persistent decrease in surface expression of AMPA receptors; this underscores the role of cPLA2 and AA in cerebellar LTD.

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Related articles in JCS:

Cytosolic PLA₂ activation in Purkinje neurons and its role in AMPA-receptor trafficking

Masato Mashimo, Tetsuya Hirabayashi, Toshihiko Murayama, and Takao Shimizu
JCS 2008 121: 3015-3024. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in JCS Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Search for Related Content Social Bookmarking                         What's this?