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Fig. 4. The PCNA-binding domain of p21 inhibits GFP-pol
foci formation after UV irradiation. (A) U2OS cells transfected with GFP-pol
and the indicated p21 plasmids were UV irradiated (20 J/m2) when indicated. Six hours later, cells were fixed and the sub-nuclear distribution of pol
and p21 determined by confocal microscopy. In control samples, pol
foci detected after UV irradiation were of two types: larger and fewer (EV, left-hand panel), or much smaller and greater in number (EV, right-hand panel). When 6Mycp21 (CDK–) was present, pol
did not reorganize into foci structures after UV irradiation, neither in cells with pan-nuclear [6Mycp21 (CDK–) left-hand panel] or focal [6Mycp21 (CDK–) right-hand panel] p21 distribution. See merged panels in supplementary material Fig. S5. (B) The percentage of cells with GFP-pol
foci before and after 6 hours of UV irradiation (20 J/m2) was determined. In all cases, at least 200 transfected nuclei were counted. Values are the average and error bars are the standard deviation between equivalent samples in three independent experiments. The significance of the differences between the non-irradiated (NI) and UV samples was assessed by Student's t-test for each p21 variant (***P<0.001; **P<0.01). Further statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer post-test (Table 1). (C) The percentage of cells with GFP-pol
foci was determined at different time points after UV irradiation (20 J/m2). In all cases at least 200 transfected nuclei/sample were counted. Values are the average and error bars are the standard deviation between equivalent samples in two independent experiments.