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Fig. 6. PtdIns(4,5)P₂ depletion interferes with basal body docking to the nuclear envelope. (A-K) TEMs showing developing basal bodies from spermatids at different stages of development. Nuclei (n) and basal bodies (arrows) are indicated. (A-D) Wild-type spermatids. (A) Longitudinal section through an early-stage spermatid showing attachment of the basal body to the nuclear envelope. (B) Longitudinal section through the nucleus, basal body and centriolar adjunct of an intermediate-stage spermatid. (C) Cross-section through an intermediate-stage spermatid showing the position of the centriole and centriolar adjunct with respect to the two mitochondrial derivatives (m1, m2). (D) Longitudinal section through the nucleus and basal body region of an advanced spermatid. (E-H) Spermatids from testes expressing SigD. (E,F) Longitudinal sections of early-stage SigD-expressing spermatids showing defects in orientation and attachment of the basal body and the centriolar adjunct to the nuclear envelope. (G) Cross-section through an intermediate-stage SigD-expressing spermatid showing dissociation of the basal body and centriolar adjunct from the nuclear envelope. (H) Basal body, enlarged centriolar adjunct and axoneme from a later-stage SigD-expressing spermatid. (I-K) Axonemes from testes co-expressing SigD and Sktl. (I) Longitudinal section through the nucleus and the centriolar adjunct of an intermediate-stage spermatid showing proper orientation of the basal body with respect to the nuclear envelope. (J) Longitudinal section through the nucleus and basal body region of an advanced spermatid showing the basal body embedded in the nuclear envelope. (K) Longitudinal section showing a basal body and corresponding axoneme not embedded in the nuclear membrane. Scale bars: 500 nm.

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