Armah, D. A. and Mensa-Wilmot, K (1999). S-Myristoylation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C in Trypanosoma brucei. J. Biol. Chem 274, 5931-5938.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Bangs, J. D., Doering, T. L., Englund, P. T. and Hart, G. W (1988). Biosynthesis of a variant surface glycoprotein of Trypanosoma brucei : processing of the glycolipid membrane anchor and N-linked oligosaccharides. J. Biol. Chem 263, 17697-17705.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Barry, J. D (1979). Capping of variable antigen on Trypanosoma brucei and its immunological and biological significance. J. Cell Sci 37, 287-302.[Abstract]
Black, S. J., Hewett, R. S. and Sendashonga, C. N (1982). Trypanosoma brucei variable surface antigen is released by degenerating parasites but not by actively dividing parasites. Parasite Immunol 4, 233-244.[Medline]
Blum, M. L., Down, A., Gurnett, A. M., Carrington, M., Turner, M. J. and Wiley, D. C (1993). A structural motif in the variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei. Nature 362, 603-609.[Medline]
Borst, P. and Fairlamb, A. H (1998). Surface receptors and transporters of Trypanosoma brucei. Annu. Rev. Microbiol 52, 745-778.[Medline]
Bowles, D. J. and Voorheis, H. P (1982). Release of the surface coat from the plasma membrane of intact bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei requires Ca 2+. FEBS Lett 139, 17-21.[Medline]
Bulow, R. and Overath, P (1986). Purification and characterization of the membrane-form variant surface glycoprotein hydrolase of Trypanosoma brucei. J. Biol. Chem 261, 11918-11923.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Bulow, R., Griffiths, G., Webster, P., Stierhof, Y.-D., Opperdoes, F. and Overath, P (1989). Intracellular location of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei. J. Cell Sci 93, 233-240.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Butikofer, P., Boschung, M., Brodbeck, U. and Menon, A. K (1996). Phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis by Trypanosoma brucei glycosylphosphatidylnositol phospholipase C. J. Biol. Chem 271, 15533-15541.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Carnall, N., Webb, H. and Carrington, M (1997). Mutagenesis study of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol 90, 423-432.[Medline]
Carrington, M., Bulow, R., Reinke, H. and Overath, P (1989). Sequence and expression of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol 33, 289-296.[Medline]
Carrington, M., Miller, N., Blum, M., Roditi, I. and Wiley, D (1991). Variant specific glycoprotein of Trypanosoma brucei consists of two domains each having an independently conserved pattern of cysteine residues. J. Mol. Biol 221, 823-835.[Medline]
Carrington, M., Carnall, N., Crow, M. S., Gaud, A., Redpath, M. B., Wasunna, C. L. and Webb, H (1998). The properties and function of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C in Trypanosoma brucei. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol 91, 153-164.[Medline]
Cross, G. A. M (1990). Cellular and genetic aspects of antigenic variation in trypanosomes. Annu. Rev. Immunol 8, 83-110.[Medline]
Devaux, P. F (1991). Static and dynamic lipid asymmetry in cell membranes. Biochemistry 30, 1163-1173.[Medline]
Englund, P. T (1993). The structure and biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol protein anchors. Annu. Rev. Biochem 62, 121-138.[Medline]
Esser, K. M. and Schoenbechler, M. J (1985). Expression of two variant surface glycoproteins on individual African trypanosomes during antigen switching. Science 229, 190-193.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Ferguson, M. A. J., Homans, S. W., Dwek, R. A. and Rademacher, T. W (1988). Glycosylphosphatidylinositol moiety that anchors Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein to the membrane. Science 239, 753-759.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Field, M. C., Menon, A. K. and Cross, G. A. M (1991). A glycosyl-phosphatidylnositol protein anchor from procyclic stage Trypanosoma brucei : lipid structure and biosynthesis. EMBO J 10, 2731-2739.[Medline]
Fox, J. A., Duszenko, M., Ferguson, M. A. J., Low, M. G. and Cross, G. A. M (1986). Purification and characterization of a novel glycan-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from Trypanosoma brucei. J. Biol. Chem 261, 15767-15771.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Frevert, U., Herzberg, F., Reinwald, E. and Risse, M. J (1986). Morphological changes in Trypanosoma congolense after proteolytic removal of the surface coat. J. Ultrastruct. Mol. Struct. Res 94, 140-148.[Medline]
Garg, N., Tarleton, R. L. and Mensa-Wilmot, K (1997). Proteins with glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) signal sequences have divergent fates during a GPI deficiency. J. Biol. Chem 272, 12482-12491.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Gurnett, A. M., Raper, J., Ward, J. and Turner, M. J (1986). Purification and characterization of membrane form VSG of Trypanosoma brucei. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol 20, 1-13.[Medline]
Guther, M. L. S., Cardoso de Almeida, M. L., Rosenberry, T. L. and Ferguson, M. A. J (1994). The detection of phospholipase-resistant and sensitive glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchors by western blotting. Anal. Biochem 219, 249-255.[Medline]
Hereld, D., Krakow, J. L., Bangs, J. D., Hart, G. W. and Englund, P. T (1986). A phospholipase C from Trypanosoma brucei which selectively cleaves the glycolipid on the variant surface glycoprotein. J. Biol. Chem 261, 13813-13819.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Hereld, D., Hart, G. W. and Englund, P. T (1988). cDNA encoding the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 8914-8918.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Jokiranta, T. S., Jokipii, L. and Meri, S (1995). Complement resistance of parasites. Scand. J. Immunol 42, 9-20.[Medline]
Lanham, S. M. and Godfrey, D. G (1970). Isolation of salivarian trypanosomes from man and other mammals using DEAE-cellulose. Exp. Parasitol 28, 521-534.[Medline]
Lasic, D. D (1988). The mechanism of vesicle formation. Biochem. J 256, 1-11.[Medline]
Magez, S., Stijlemans, B., Radwanska, M., Pays, E., Ferguson, M. A. J. and De Baetselier, P (1998). The glycosyl-inositol-phosphate and dimyristoylglycerol moieties of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of the trypanosome variant-specific surface glycoprotein are distinct macrophage-activating factors. J. Immunol 160, 1949-1956.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Martin, I., Turco, S. J., Epand, R. M. and Ruysschaert, J.-M (1998). Lipophosphoglycan of Leishmania donovani inhibits lipid vesicle fusion induced by the N-terminal extremity of viral fusogenic SIV protein. Eur. J. Biochem 258, 150-156.[Medline]
Melikyan, G. B., White, J. M. and Cohen, F. S (1995). GPI-anchored influenza haemagglutinin induces hemifusion to both red blood cell and planar bilayer membranes. J. Cell Biol 131, 679-691.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Mensa-Wilmot, K., LeBowitz, J. H., Chang, K.-P., Al-Qahtani, A., McGwire, B. S., Tucker, S. and Morris, J. C (1994). A glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-negative phenotype produced in Leishmania major by GPI phospholipase C from Trypanosoma brucei : topography of two GPI pathways. J. Cell Biol 124, 935-947.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Morris, J. C., Ping-Sheng, L., Shen, T.-Y. and Mensa-Wilmot, K (1995). Glycan requirements of glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase C from Trypanosoma brucei. J. Biol. Chem 270, 2517-2524.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Mu\226oz-Jord\207n, J., Davies, K. P. and Cross, G. A. M (1996). Stable expression of mosaic coats of variant surface glycoproteins in Trypanosoma brucei. Science 272, 1795-1797.[Abstract]
Pays, E., Vanhamme, L. and Berberof, M (1994). Genetic controls for the expression of surface proteins in African trypanosomes. Annu. Rev. Microbiol 48, 25-52.[Medline]
Rehaber, P., Staudacher, N., Seckler, R., Bulow, R., Overath, P. and Jaenicke, R (1990). Stability and reconstitution of the soluble variant surface glycoprotein (sVSG) from Trypanosoma brucei. Biochemistry 29, 8217-8223.[Medline]
Reynolds, E. S (1963). The use of lead citrate at high pH as electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol 17, 208-213.[Free Full Text]
Robinson, D., Beattie, P., Sherwin, T. and Gull, K (1991). Microtubules, tubulin and microtubule-associated proteins of trypanosomes. Meth. Enzymol 196, 285-299.[Medline]
Rolin, S., Hanocq-Quertier, J., Paturiaux-Hanocq, F., Nolan, D., Salmon, D., Webb, H., Carrington, M., Voorheis, P. and Pays, E (1996). Simultaneous but independent activation of adenylate cyclase and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C under stress conditions in Trypanosoma brucei. J. Biol. Chem 271, 10844-10852.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Ross, C., Cardoso de Almeida, M. L. and Turner, M. J (1987). Variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma congolense bloodstream and metacyclic forms are anchored by a glycolipid tail. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol 22, 153-158.[Medline]
Russo, D. C. W., Grab, D. J., Lonsdale-Eccles, J. D., Shaw, M. K. and Williams, D. J. L (1993). Directional movement of variable surface glycoprotein antibody complexes in Trypanosoma brucei. Eur. J. Cell Biol 62, 432-441.[Medline]
Salmon, D., Geuskens, M., Hanocq, F., Hanocq-Quertier, J., Nolan, D., Ruben, L. and Pays, E (1994). A novel heterodimeric transferrin receptor encoded by a pair of VSG expression site-associated genes in Trypanosoma brucei. Cell 78, 75-86.[Medline]
Sanders, II C. R. and Schwonek, J. P (1992). Characterization of magnetically orientable bilayers in mixtures of dihexanoylphosphatidylcholine and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine by solid-state NMR. Biochemistry 31, 8898-8905.[Medline]
Sanders, II C. R. and Landis, G. C (1995). Reconstitution of membrane proteins into lipid-rich bilayered mixed micelles for NMR studies. Biochemistry 43, 4030-4040.
Seyfang, A., Mecke, D. and Duszenko, M (1990). Degradation, recycling and shedding of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein. J. Protozool 37, 546-552.[Medline]
Shakibaei, M. and Frevert, U (1992). Cell surface interactions between Trypanosoma congolense and macrophages during phagocytosis in vitro. J. Protozool 39, 224-235.[Medline]
Shapiro, S. Z (1986). Trypanosoma brucei : release of variant surface glycoprotein during the parasite life cycle. Exp. Parasitol 61, 432-437.[Medline]
Steverding, D., Stierhof, Y., Chaudhri, M., Ligtenberg, M., Schell, D. A., Beck-Sickinger, F. and Overath, P (1994). ESAG 6 and 7 products of Trypanosoma brucei form a transferrin binding protein complex. Eur. J. Cell Biol 64, 78-87.[Medline]
Tetley, L., Vickerman, K. and Moloo, S. K (1981). Absence of a surface coat from metacyclic Trypanosoma vivax : possible implications for vaccination against vivax trypanosomiasis. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg 75, 409-414.[Medline]
Turner, M. J., Cardoso de Almeida, M. L., Gurnett, A. M., Raper, J. and Ward, J (1985). Biosynthesis, attachment and release of variant surface glycoproteins of the African trypanosome. Curr. Topics Microbiol. Immunol 117, 23-55.[Medline]
van Gelderen, I. L., van Meer, G., Slot, J. W., Geuze, M. J. and Voorhout, W. F (1991). Subcellular localization of Forssman glycolipid in epithelial MDCK cells by immuno-electronmicroscopy after freeze-substitution. J. Cell Biol 115, 1009-1019.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Vidugiriene, J. and Menon, A. K (1994). The GPI anchor of cell-surface proteins is synthesized on the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum. J. Cell Biol 127, 333-341.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Vieira, L. L (1998). pH and volume homeostasis in trypanosomatids: current views and perspectives. Bioch. Biophys. Acta 1376, 221-241.[Medline]
Voorheis, P. H., Gale, J. S., Owen, M. J. and Edwards, W (1979). The isolation and partial characterisation of the plasma membrane from Trypanosoma brucei. Biochem. J 180, 11-24.[Medline]
Webb, H., Carnall, N., Vanhamme, L., Rolin, S., Van Den Abbeele, J., Welburn, S., Pays, E. and Carrington, M (1997). The GPI-phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei is nonessential but influences parasitemia in mice. J. Cell Biol 139, 103-114.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Webster, P. and Grab, D. J (1988). Intracellular colocalization of variant surface glycoprotein and transferrin-gold in Trypanosoma brucei. J. Cell Biol 106, 279-288.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Wright, K. A. and Hales, H (1970). Cytochemistry of the pellicle of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei. J. Parasitol 56, 671-683.[Medline]
Zamze, S. E., Ferguson, M. A. J., Collins, R., Dwek, R. A. and Rademacher, T. W (1988). Characterization of the cross-reacting determinant (CRD) of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein. Eur. J. Biochem 176, 527-534.[Medline]
