|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | |||||
First published online 19 October 2004
doi: 10.1242/jcs.01477
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research Article |
1 Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, PO Box 100424, Gainesville, FL 32610-0424, USA
2 The Core Microscopy Facility, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
4 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
Author for correspondence (e-mail: echan{at}ufl.edu)
Accepted 2 August 2004
A novel cytoplasmic compartment referred to as GW bodies was initially identified using human autoantibodies to a 182 kDa protein named GW182. GW bodies are small, generally spherical, cytoplasmic domains that vary in number and size in several mammalian cell types examined to date. Based on our earlier studies, GW bodies were proposed to be cytoplasmic sites for mRNA storage and/or degradation. In the present study, immunogold electron microscopy identified electron dense structures of 100-300 nm diameter devoid of a lipid bilayer membrane. These structures appeared to comprise clusters of electron dense strands of 8-10 nm in diameter. By costaining with CENP-F and PCNA, and employing a double-thymidine block to synchronize HeLa cells, GW bodies were observed to be small in early S phase and larger during late S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. The majority of GW bodies disassembled prior to mitosis and small GW bodies reassembled in early G1. The analysis of GW bodies in two experimental models of cell proliferation using reversal of 3T3/serum-starvation and concanavalin A stimulation of mouse splenocytes and T cells, revealed that proliferating cells contained larger, brighter, and more numerous GW bodies as well as up to a fivefold more total GW182 protein than quiescent cells. In vitro gene knockdown of GW182 led to the disappearance of GW bodies demonstrating that GW182 is a critical component of GW bodies. The incremental expression of the GW182 protein in cells induced to proliferate and the cyclic formation and breakdown of GW bodies during mitosis are intriguing in view of the notion that GW bodies are specialized centers involved in maintaining stability and/or controlling degradation of mRNA.
Key words: mRNA degradation complex, GW repeats, GW bodies
CiteULike 
Complore 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati 
Twitter What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Souquere, S. Mollet, M. Kress, F. Dautry, G. Pierron, and D. Weil Unravelling the ultrastructure of stress granules and associated P-bodies in human cells J. Cell Sci., October 15, 2009; 122(20): 3619 - 3626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Pare, N. Tahbaz, J. Lopez-Orozco, P. LaPointe, P. Lasko, and T. C. Hobman Hsp90 Regulates the Function of Argonaute 2 and Its Recruitment to Stress Granules and P-Bodies Mol. Biol. Cell, July 15, 2009; 20(14): 3273 - 3284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Szakmary, M. Reedy, H. Qi, and H. Lin The Yb protein defines a novel organelle and regulates male germline stem cell self-renewal in Drosophila melanogaster J. Cell Biol., May 18, 2009; 185(4): 613 - 627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. L. Lian, S. Li, G. X. Abadal, B. A. Pauley, M. J. Fritzler, and E. K.L. Chan The C-terminal half of human Ago2 binds to multiple GW-rich regions of GW182 and requires GW182 to mediate silencing RNA, May 1, 2009; 15(5): 804 - 813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Li, S. L. Lian, J. J. Moser, M. L. Fritzler, M. J. Fritzler, M. Satoh, and E. K. L. Chan Identification of GW182 and its novel isoform TNGW1 as translational repressors in Ago2-mediated silencing J. Cell Sci., December 15, 2008; 121(24): 4134 - 4144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Aizer, Y. Brody, L. W. Ler, N. Sonenberg, R. H. Singer, and Y. Shav-Tal The Dynamics of Mammalian P Body Transport, Assembly, and Disassembly In Vivo Mol. Biol. Cell, October 1, 2008; 19(10): 4154 - 4166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Chen, B. Onisko, and J. L. Napoli The Nuclear Transcription Factor RAR{alpha} Associates with Neuronal RNA Granules and Suppresses Translation J. Biol. Chem., July 25, 2008; 283(30): 20841 - 20847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. von Roretz and I.-E. Gallouzi Decoding ARE-mediated decay: is microRNA part of the equation? J. Cell Biol., April 21, 2008; 181(2): 189 - 194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lian, M. J. Fritzler, J. Katz, T. Hamazaki, N. Terada, M. Satoh, and E. K.L. Chan Small Interfering RNA-mediated Silencing Induces Target-dependent Assembly of GW/P Bodies Mol. Biol. Cell, September 1, 2007; 18(9): 3375 - 3387. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Serman, F. Le Roy, C. Aigueperse, M. Kress, F. Dautry, and D. Weil GW body disassembly triggered by siRNAs independently of their silencing activity Nucleic Acids Res., July 9, 2007; 35(14): 4715 - 4727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.-J. Lin, A. Duffy, and C.-Y. Chen Localization of AU-rich Element-containing mRNA in Cytoplasmic Granules Containing Exosome Subunits J. Biol. Chem., July 6, 2007; 282(27): 19958 - 19968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Eulalio, I. Behm-Ansmant, D. Schweizer, and E. Izaurralde P-Body Formation Is a Consequence, Not the Cause, of RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing Mol. Cell. Biol., June 1, 2007; 27(11): 3970 - 3981. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Jakymiw, K. M. Pauley, S. Li, K. Ikeda, S. Lian, T. Eystathioy, M. Satoh, M. J. Fritzler, and E. K. L. Chan The role of GW/P-bodies in RNA processing and silencing J. Cell Sci., April 15, 2007; 120(8): 1317 - 1323. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. M. Franks and J. Lykke-Andersen TTP and BRF proteins nucleate processing body formation to silence mRNAs with AU-rich elements Genes & Dev., March 15, 2007; 21(6): 719 - 735. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. G. Wulczyn, L. Smirnova, A. Rybak, C. Brandt, E. Kwidzinski, O. Ninnemann, M. Strehle, A. Seiler, S. Schumacher, and R. Nitsch Post-transcriptional regulation of the let-7 microRNA during neural cell specification FASEB J, February 1, 2007; 21(2): 415 - 426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Schneider, N. Najand, S. Chaker, J. M. Pare, J. Haskins, S. C. Hughes, T. C. Hobman, J. Locke, and A. J. Simmonds Gawky is a component of cytoplasmic mRNA processing bodies required for early Drosophila development J. Cell Biol., July 31, 2006; 174(3): 349 - 358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. B. Bloch, T. Gulick, K. D. Bloch, and W.-H. Yang Processing body autoantibodies reconsidered RNA, May 1, 2006; 12(5): 707 - 709. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.-H. YANG, J. H. YU, T. GULICK, K. D. BLOCH, and D. B. BLOCH RNA-associated protein 55 (RAP55) localizes to mRNA processing bodies and stress granules RNA, April 1, 2006; 12(4): 547 - 554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Kotaja, S. N. Bhattacharyya, L. Jaskiewicz, S. Kimmins, M. Parvinen, W. Filipowicz, and P. Sassone-Corsi The chromatoid body of male germ cells: Similarity with processing bodies and presence of Dicer and microRNA pathway components PNAS, February 21, 2006; 103(8): 2647 - 2652. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A.K.L. LEUNG and P.A. SHARP Function and Localization of MicroRNAs in Mammalian Cells Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol, January 1, 2006; 71(0): 29 - 38. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. V. Baez and G. L. Boccaccio Mammalian Smaug Is a Translational Repressor That Forms Cytoplasmic Foci Similar to Stress Granules J. Biol. Chem., December 30, 2005; 280(52): 43131 - 43140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. PILLAI MicroRNA function: Multiple mechanisms for a tiny RNA? RNA, December 1, 2005; 11(12): 1753 - 1761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. YU, W.-H. YANG, T. GULICK, K. D. BLOCH, and D. B. BLOCH Ge-1 is a central component of the mammalian cytoplasmic mRNA processing body RNA, December 1, 2005; 11(12): 1795 - 1802. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. REHWINKEL, I. BEHM-ANSMANT, D. GATFIELD, and E. IZAURRALDE A crucial role for GW182 and the DCP1:DCP2 decapping complex in miRNA-mediated gene silencing RNA, November 1, 2005; 11(11): 1640 - 1647. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Kedersha, G. Stoecklin, M. Ayodele, P. Yacono, J. Lykke-Andersen, M. J. Fritzler, D. Scheuner, R. J. Kaufman, D. E. Golan, and P. Anderson Stress granules and processing bodies are dynamically linked sites of mRNP remodeling J. Cell Biol., June 20, 2005; 169(6): 871 - 884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. ANDREI, D. INGELFINGER, R. HEINTZMANN, T. ACHSEL, R. RIVERA-POMAR, and R. LUHRMANN A role for eIF4E and eIF4E-transporter in targeting mRNPs to mammalian processing bodies RNA, May 1, 2005; 11(5): 717 - 727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
