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JCS ePress online publication date 12 Sep 2007
doi: 10.1242/jcs.012914

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Research Article

Plasticity of HP1 proteins in mammalian cells


George K. Dialynas, Stefan Terjung, Jeremy P. Brown, Rebecca L. Aucott, Bettina Baron-Luhr, Prim B. Singh, and Spyros D. Georgatos*
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: sgeorgat{at}cc.uoi.gr)

We have compared the distribution of endogenous heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) proteins ({alpha}, {beta} and {gamma}) in different epithelial lines, pluripotent stem cells and embryonic fibroblasts. In parallel, we have interrogated assembly and dynamics of newly expressed HP1-GFP proteins in cells lacking both HP1{alpha} and HP1{beta} alleles, blocked at the G1-S boundary, or cultured in the presence of HDAC and HAT inhibitors. The results reveal a range of cell type and differentiation state-specific patterns that do not correlate with 'fast' or 'slow' subunit exchange in heterochromatin. Furthermore, our observations show that targeting of HP1{gamma} to heterochromatic sites depends on HP1{alpha} and H1{beta} and that, on an architectural level, HP1{alpha} is the most polymorphic variant of the HP1 family. These data provide evidence for HP1 plasticity under shifting microenvironmental conditions and offer a new conceptual framework for understanding chromatin dynamics at the molecular level.


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