Table of Contents
IN THIS ISSUE
FIRST PERSON
REVIEWS
- Talin – the master of integrin adhesions
Summary: We explain why talin is amazing, providing a paradigm for how proteins transduce force into protein recruitment, while functioning at many levels in the extracellular matrix–cytoskeleton linkage.
- Spectraplakin family proteins – cytoskeletal crosslinkers with versatile roles
Summary: Spetraplakins are key cytoskeletal crosslinkers that are evolutionarily conserved. This Review summarizes the essential roles these proteins have in coordinating cytoskeletal dynamics in many different cellular processes.
RESEARCH ARTICLES
- Electrophoresis of cell membrane heparan sulfate regulates galvanotaxis in glial cells
Highlighted Article: Cell surface heparan sulfate is a novel electric field sensor that regulates the galvanotaxis of glial cells through electrophoretic polarization and its function as a co-receptor for chemo-repulsive ligands such as Slit2.
- Smooth muscle function and myosin polymerization
Summary: Evanescence of smooth muscle myosin filaments is involved in the muscle's adaptation to function at different lengths.
- Stress-specific p38 MAPK activation is sufficient to drive EGFR endocytosis but not its nuclear translocation
Highlighted Article: The DNA damage-inducing agents UVB and UVC, but not X-rays or UVA, activate p38 MAPK and drive EGFR endocytosis without detectable EGFR nuclear translocation. Hence, DNA damage alone is not sufficient to induce EGFR endocytosis.
- Disruption of Rab8a and Rab11a causes formation of basolateral microvilli in neonatal enteropathy
Summary: Loss of Rab8a and Rab11a trafficking results in severe microvillus atrophy and extensive formation of basolateral microvilli in mice with neonatal enteropathy.
- The formin DAAM is required for coordination of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton in axonal growth cones
Highlighted Article: As well as operating as an actin assembly factor, the formin DAAM is involved in linking actin remodeling in filopodia to microtubule stabilization during axonal growth in Drosophila.
- Limited distal organelles and synaptic function in extensive monoaminergic innervation
Summary: Synaptic function and supply of organelles such as vesicles and mitochondria diminish in distal monoaminergic axon terminals.
- Rac1 switching at the right time and location is essential for Fcγ receptor-mediated phagosome formation
Highlighted Article: A novel mechanistic model for phagosome formation that is spatiotemporally controlled by Rac1 switching within a phagocytic cup.
- A mutation in keratin 18 that causes caspase-digestion resistance protects homozygous transgenic mice from hepatic apoptosis and injury
Summary: K18 that is resistant to caspase digestion helps to maintain keratin filament organization and delays apoptosis, thereby protecting liver from injury.
- HIRA deficiency in muscle fibers causes hypertrophy and susceptibility to oxidative stress
Summary: Eliminating the histone chaperone HIRA from mouse skeletal muscle produced a hypertrophic response, compromised sarcolemmal integrity and left muscle fibers that were susceptible to stress-induced degeneration.
- Importin-β and CRM1 control a RANBP2 spatiotemporal switch essential for mitotic kinetochore function
Summary: Importin-β and CRM1 regulate the timing of RANBP2 at mitotic kinetochores in opposite ways, with consequences for kinetochore function, including SUMO-conjugated topoisomerase-IIα accumulation and K-fibre stability.
- Rab7 palmitoylation is required for efficient endosome-to-TGN trafficking
Summary: Rab7 undergoes palmitoylation, a post-translational modification required for endosome-to-TGN trafficking but not for other Rab7 functions.
- Clathrin-mediated post-fusion membrane retrieval influences the exocytic mode of endothelial Weibel-Palade bodies
Summary: Compensatory endocytosis plays key roles in Weibel-Palade body exocytosis. Inhibition of this process results in a change of exocytic mode and the release of von Willebrand factor as tangled strings.
- The cell adhesion molecule CHL1 interacts with patched-1 to regulate apoptosis during postnatal cerebellar development
Summary: The adhesion molecule close homolog of L1 (CHL1) is a novel ligand of the hedgehog receptor patched-1. The CHL1–patched-1 interaction promotes survival of cerebellar granule cells during postnatal mouse development.
- Deficiency of PHB complex impairs respiratory supercomplex formation and activates mitochondrial flashes
Summary: The prohibitin (PHB) complex has a novel role in regulating mitoflash activity by affecting respiratory supercomplex formation and, thus, basal mitochondrial ROS production.
- Lifespan extension by peroxidase and dual oxidase-mediated ROS signaling through pyrroloquinoline quinone in C. elegans
Summary: A peroxidase and dual oxidase system generates longevity-promoting ROS at the plasma membrane in C. elegans. Pyrroloquinoline quinone can activate the dual oxidase involved in lifespan extension.
TOOLS AND RESOURCES
- Breaking the color barrier – a multi-selective antibody reporter offers innovative strategies of fluorescence detection
Summary: We present a multi-color bipartite protein reporter for cell surface labeling of receptors. This permits innovative strategies of detection previously difficult or impossible with conventional fluorescent systems.
ARTICLES OF INTEREST IN OUR OTHER JOURNALS
From Development
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Other journals from The Company of Biologists
Cell science at a glance – ER-phagy at a glance
The endoplasmic reticulum is the largest organelle of the cell and it fulfils a plethora of biological functions. In a new poster and article, Paolo Grumati, Ivan Dikic and Alexandra Stolz show how this is made possible through constant ER membrane turnover, mediated by ER-phagy.
Meeting report – Cellular gateways: expanding the role of endocytosis in plant development
This Workshop, hosted by JCS and The Company of Biologists, was held in April 2018 at Wiston House, UK. Xingyun Qi, Roman Pleskot, Niloufer G. Irani and Daniël Van Damme look back at the stimulating and lively discussions on the mechanism and functions of endocytosis in plant cells, with an aim to bridge the gap in knowledge about the endocytic machinery and its cargos in the plant field.
First Person interviews
Have you seen our First Person interviews with the early-career first authors of our papers? The authors talk about their work in and out of the lab, the journeys that led them to where they are now and the scientists who inspired them along the way. Recently, we caught up with first authors Sung Tae Kim, Stefanie Jennifer Oeding, Łukasz Rymer, Yiliu (Charlie) Zhang, Sara Sannino and Marita Borg Distefano.
Review – Membrane remodeling in clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is an essential cellular mechanism by which all eukaryotic cells regulate their plasma membrane composition. Volker Haucke and Michael M. Kozlov discuss how the nanoscale organization of endocytic proteins reshapes the plasma membrane.
JCS Meeting – Cell dynamics: organelle-cytoskeleton interface
The second in our series of cell dynamics meetings now turns to organelles. This May 2019 meeting in Lisbon, Portugal, aims to bring together scientists studying the interface between organelles and the cytoskeleton at different scales and perspectives using a range of model systems. Find out more and apply for your place here.
Journal news – new fast-track decision process
Do you have a paper with reviews from another journal that you’d like to submit to Journal of Cell Science? We will fast-track your paper and give you an initial decision within a week. Find out more here.
preLights – mRNA localisation in endothelial cells regulates blood vessel sprouting
Andreas van Impel highlights a recent preprint from Shane Herbert and colleagues showing that rab13 transcripts are targeted to and locally translated at the leading edge of migrating endothelial cells, which fine-tunes their protrusive activity during developmental angiogenesis.
We are also pleased to announce that recent preLights selected for the cell science community will feature regularly as part of our issue Table of Contents.
Articles of interest in our sister journals
Ma2/d promotes myonuclear positioning and association with the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Adriana Reuveny, Marina Shnayder, Dana Lorber, Shuoshuo Wang, Talila Volk. Development 2018 145: dev159558
Rasip1 controls lymphatic vessel lumen maintenance by regulating endothelial cell junctions
Xiaolei Liu, Xiaowu Gu, Wanshu Ma, Michael Oxendine, Hyea Jin Gil, George E. Davis, Ondine Cleaver, Guillermo Oliver. Development 2018 145: dev165092