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Molecular cloning of a human homologue of Drosophila heterochromatin protein HP1 using anti-centromere autoantibodies with anti-chromo specificity
W.S. Saunders, C. Chue, M. Goebl, C. Craig, R.F. Clark, J.A. Powers, J.C. Eissenberg, S.C. Elgin, N.F. Rothfield, W.C. Earnshaw
Journal of Cell Science 1993 104: 573-582;

Summary

We have identified a novel autoantibody specificity in scleroderma that we term anti-chromo. These antibodies recognize several chromosomal antigens with apparent molecular mass of between 23 and 25 kDa, as determined by immunoblots. Anti-chromo autoantibodies occur in 10–15% of sera from patients with anti-centromere antibodies (ACA). We used anti-chromo antibodies to screen a human expression library and obtained cDNA clones encoding a 25 kDa chromosomal autoantigen. DNA sequence analysis reveals this protein to be a human homologue of HP1, a heterochromatin protein of Drosophila melanogaster. We designate our cloned protein HP1Hs alpha. Epitope mapping experiments using both human and Drosophila HP1 reveal that anti-chromo antibodies target a region at the amino terminus of the protein. This region contains a conserved motif, the chromo domain (or HP1/Pc box), first recognized by comparison of Drosophila HP1 with the Polycomb gene product. Both proteins are thought to play a role in creating chromatin structures in which gene expression is suppressed. Anti-chromo thus defines a novel type of autoantibody that recognizes a conserved structural motif found on a number of chromosomal proteins.

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Journal Articles
Molecular cloning of a human homologue of Drosophila heterochromatin protein HP1 using anti-centromere autoantibodies with anti-chromo specificity
W.S. Saunders, C. Chue, M. Goebl, C. Craig, R.F. Clark, J.A. Powers, J.C. Eissenberg, S.C. Elgin, N.F. Rothfield, W.C. Earnshaw
Journal of Cell Science 1993 104: 573-582;
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