ABSTRACT
Plasma membrane lipid asymmetry is important for various membrane-associated functions and is regulated by membrane proteins termed flippases and floppases. The Rim101 pathway senses altered lipid asymmetry in the yeast plasma membrane. The mutant lem3Δ cells, in which lipid asymmetry is disturbed owing to the inactivation of the plasma membrane flippases, showed a severe growth defect when the Rim101 pathway was impaired. To identify factors involved in the Rim101-pathway-dependent adaptation to altered lipid asymmetry, we performed DNA microarray analysis and found that Opt2 induced by the Rim101 pathway plays an important role in the adaptation to altered lipid asymmetry. Biochemical investigation of Opt2 revealed its localization to the plasma membrane and the Golgi, and provided several lines of evidence for the Opt2-mediated exposure of phospholipids. In addition, Opt2 was found to be required for the maintenance of vacuolar morphology and polarized cell growth. These results suggest that Opt2 is a novel factor involved in cell homeostasis by regulating lipid asymmetry.
Footnotes
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Author contributions
S.Y., K.O., K.U., A.Kamimura and K.A. did the experiments. K.O. and K.A. designed the experiments. S.Y., K.O. and A.Kihara analyzed the data. K.O. wrote the manuscript.
Funding
This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) [grant number 25440038], a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) [grant number 23770135] to K.O. and a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research [grant number 25650059] to A.Kihara from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
Supplementary material available online at http://jcs.biologists.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1242/jcs.153890/-/DC1
- Received March 25, 2014.
- Accepted October 24, 2014.
- © 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
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