IN THIS ISSUE
EDITORIAL
STICKY WICKET
CELL SCIENTISTS TO WATCH
CELL SCIENCE AT A GLANCE
- ATM and ATR signaling at a glance
Summary: Discussion of the current understanding of ATM and ATR activation, and their relevance in maintaining cell physiology and in cancer.
COMMENTARY
- Structure and function of longin SNAREs
Summary: Longin domains play fundamental roles in intracellular trafficking by regulating the membrane localization and membrane fusion activity of SNARE proteins.
SHORT REPORT
- Ubiquitylation of CD98 limits cell proliferation and clonal expansion
Summary: Ubiquitylation of CD98 regulates its expression, and is a mechanism to limit the clonal expansion of T lymphocytes and potentially of other normal and transformed cells.
RESEARCH ARTICLES
- Regulation of dendrite growth and maintenance by exocytosis
Highlighted Article: This study characterizes the interaction between Drosophila Rop and the exocyst in control of dendritic morphogenesis, and demonstrates how membrane is allocated in dendrites to facilitate growth.
- Cdc42 regulates epithelial cell polarity and cytoskeletal function during kidney tubule development
Summary: Cdc42 regulates tubulogenesis in the kidney by controlling the polarity Par complex (Par3–Par6–aPKC–Cdc42) and the cytoskeletal proteins N-Wasp and ezrin.
- Neuregulin-1-mediated ErbB2–ErbB3 signalling protects human trophoblasts against apoptosis to preserve differentiation
Highlighted Article: Decidual-stromal-cell-derived neuregulin-1 induces ErbB2–ErbB3 heterodimerization in extravillous trophoblasts and stabilizes trophoblast differentiation through suppression of apoptosis.
- p114RhoGEF governs cell motility and lumen formation during tubulogenesis through a ROCK–myosin-II pathway
Summary: p114RhoGEF governs cell motility and lumen formation, suggesting that cell movement is necessary for consolidating multiple lumens into a single lumen.
- In vivo tracking of phosphoinositides in Drosophila photoreceptors
Highlighted Article: A range of genetically targeted lipid probes were used to track and quantify phosphoinositide turnover in the photoreceptors of completely intact living flies, with a precision unsurpassed in other systems.
- SLAT promotes TCR-mediated, Rap1-dependent LFA-1 activation and adhesion through interaction of its PH domain with Rap1
Summary: This study reveals a new signaling pathway that mediates TCR-induced LFA-1 activation, involving SWAP-70-like adaptor of T cells (SLAT).
- Luman is involved in osteoclastogenesis through the regulation of DC-STAMP expression, stability and localization
Highlighted Article: Luman, an ER-resident transcription factor, regulates the multinucleation of osteoclasts by promoting cell fusion of mononuclear osteoclasts through DC-STAMP induction and transportation during osteoclastogenesis.
- Carcinoma cells induce lumen filling and EMT in epithelial cells through soluble E-cadherin-mediated activation of EGFR
Summary: A 3D co-culture system comprising non-transformed epithelial cells and transformed carcinoma cells demonstrates that carcinoma cells sequentially induce sE-cad-dependent lumen filling and EMT.
- Dynamics of chromatin accessibility and epigenetic state in response to UV damage
Summary: Exposure to UV irradiation causes genome-wide changes in chromatin accessibility and epigenetic state.
- Drosophila Lipin interacts with insulin and TOR signaling pathways in the control of growth and lipid metabolism
Summary: The insulin receptor and TORC1 pathways independently control cytoplasmic and nuclear functions of Drosophila Lipin, and Lipin, in turn, modulates cellular responses to growth factor signaling.
- Sorting nexin 5 selectively regulates dorsal-ruffle-mediated macropinocytosis in primary macrophages
Summary: An analysis of SNX5-knockout mice shows that SNX5 is essential for the biogenesis of macropinosomes from dorsal ruffles and that dorsal ruffles provide a major contribution to macropinocytosis in activated macrophages.
- Stress-induced inhibition of translation independently of eIF2α phosphorylation
Summary: In contrast to textbook knowledge, the phosphorylation of translation initiation factor eIF2α is not required for UV-induced inhibition of protein synthesis, which we show in three different cell types.
- Spatial control of Shoc2-scaffold-mediated ERK1/2 signaling requires remodeling activity of the ATPase PSMC5
Summary: Our studies describe a new, multi-level paradigm in which allosteric modifications alter the ability of the scaffold protein Shoc2 to actively accelerate transmission of ERK1/2 signals.
- CaV3.2 T-type channels mediate Ca2+ entry during oocyte maturation and following fertilization
Summary: In mouse oocytes, CaV3.2 T-type channels have previously unrecognized roles in supporting accrual of Ca2+ stores during oocyte maturation and in mediating Ca2+ influx following fertilization.
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
- Sqstm1–GFP knock-in mice reveal dynamic actions of Sqstm1 during autophagy and under stress conditions in living cells
Highlighted Article: We have developed Sqstm1-GFP knock-in mice, which are useful for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of cellular events, including autophagy, and various diseases in which Sqstm1 plays a role.
CORRECTION
ARTICLES OF INTEREST IN OTHER COB JOURNALS
From Development