ABSTRACT
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway coordinates environmental and intracellular cues to control eukaryotic cell growth. As a pivot point between anabolic and catabolic processes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling has established roles in regulating metabolism, translation and autophagy. Hyperactivity of the mTOR pathway is associated with numerous human diseases, including diabetes, cancer and epilepsy. Pharmacological inhibition of the mTOR pathway can extend lifespan in a variety of model organisms. Given its broad control of essential cellular processes and clear relevance to human health, there is extensive interest in elucidating how upstream inputs regulate mTORC1 activation. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we summarize our understanding of how extracellular and intracellular signals feed into the mTOR pathway, how the lysosome acts as an mTOR signaling hub, and how downstream signaling controls autophagy and lysosome biogenesis.
Footnotes
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing or financial interests.
Funding
Our work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to D.M.S. (R01 CA103866, R01 CA129105, and R37 AI047389), from the Lustgarten Foundation, and fellowship support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to K.J.C. (2016197106). D.M.S. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and an American Cancer Society Research Professor. Deposited in PMC for release after 12 months.
Cell science at a glance
A high-resolution version of the poster and individual poster panels are available for downloading at http://jcs.biologists.org/lookup/doi/10.1242/jcs.222570.supplemental.
- © 2019. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
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